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Scientific Publications

• Synthetic agonists of Toll-like receptors 7, 8 and 9
  Agrawal S, Kandimalla ER.
  Biochemical Society Transactions (2007) Volume 35, part 6.
• Agonists of Toll-like Receptor 9 Containing Synthetic Dinucleotide Motifs
  Yu D, Putta MR, Bhagat L, Li Y, Zhu F, Wang D, Tang JX, Kandimalla ER, Agrawal S.
  J Med Chem. 2007 Dec 13;50(25):6411-8.
• Stablized immune modulatory RNA compounds as agonists of Toll-like receptors 7 and 8
  Lan T, Kandimalla ER, Yu D, Bhagat L, Li Y, Wang D, Zhu FG, Tang JX, Putta MR, Cong YP, Trombino AF, Sullivan T, Agrawal S.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (2007) 104, 13750-13755.
• Immune modulatory oligonucleotides in the prevention and treatment of OVA-induced Eustachian tube dysfunction in rats
  Blanks DA, Ebert CS Jr, Eapen RP, Zdanski C, Kandimalla ER, Agrawal S, Prazma J.
  Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. (2007) 137 321-326.
  
• Immune modulatory oligonucleotides in prevention of nasal allergen-induced Eustachian tube dysfunction in rats
  Ebert CS Jr, Rose AS, Blanks DA, Eapen RP, Kandimalla ER, Agrawal S, Prazma J, Pillsbury HC 3rd.
  Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. (2007) 137, 250-255.
  
• TLR9 agonist acts by different mechanisms synergizing with bevacizumad in sensitive and cetuximab-resistant colon cancer xenografts
  Damiano V, Caputo R, Garofalo S, Bianco R, Rosa R, Merola G, Gelardi T, Racioppi L, Fontanini, G, DePlacido S, Kandimalla ER, Agrawal S, Ciardiello F, Torotora G.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (2007) 104, 12468-12473.
  
• Oral administration of a synthetic agonist of Toll-like receptor 9 potently modulates peanut-induced allergy in mice
  Zhu FG, Kandimalla ER, Yu D, Agrawal S
  J Allergy Clin Immunol. (2007) 120, 631-637.
  
• Novel oligodeoxynucleotide agonists of TLR9 containing N3-Me-dC or N1-Me-dG modifications
  Putta MR, Zhu F, Li Y, Bhagat L, Cong Y, Kandimalla ER, Agrawal S.
  Nucleic Acids Res. (2006) 34, 3231-3238.
• The role of immunomodulatory oligonucleotides in prevention of OVA-induced Eustachian tube dysfunction
  Ebert CS Jr, Rose AS, Patel MR, Hardy SM, Kandimalla ER, Agrawal S, Prazma J, Pillsbury HC 3rd.
  Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. (2006) 70, 2019-2026.
  
• Novel toll-like receptor 9 agonist induces epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition and synergistic antitumor activity with EGFR inhibitors
  Damiano V, Caputo R, Bianco R, D'Armiento FP, Leonardi A, De Placido S, Bianco AR, Agrawal S, Ciardiello F, Tortora G.
  Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;12(2):577-83.
• Immunization with gp 120-depleted whole killed HIV immunogen and a second-generation CpG DNA elicits strong HIV-specific responses in mice
  Trabattoni D, Clivio A, Bray DH, Bhagat L, Beltrami S, Maffeis G, Cesana E, Lowry P, Lissoni F, Kandimalla ER, Sullivan T, Agrawal S, Bartholomew R, Clerici M.
  Vaccine. 2006 Feb 27;24(9):1470-7. Epub 2005 Sep 22.
• Oligodeoxynucleotides containing synthetic immunostimulatory motifs augment potent Th1 immune responses to HBsAg in mice
  Li Y, Kandimalla ER, Yu D, Agrawal S.
  Int Immunopharmacol. 2005 Jun;5(6):981-91.
• Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides containing a cytosine-phosphate-2'-deoxy-7-deazaguanosine motif as potent Toll-like receptor 9 agonists
  Kandimalla ER, Bhagat L, Li Y, Yu D, Wang D, Cong YP, Song SS, Tang JX, Sullivan T, Agrawal S.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 May 10;102(19):6925-30. Epub 2005 Apr 28.
• Oral administration of second-generation immunomodulatory oligonucleotides induces mucosal Th1 immune responses and adjuvant activity
  Wang D, Kandimalla ER, Yu D, Tang JX, Agrawal S.
  Vaccine. 2005 Apr 8;23(20):2614-22.
• Role of Toll-like receptors in antisense and siRNA
  Sudhir Agrawal and Ekambar R. Kandimalla.
  Nature Biotechnology (2004) 22(12):1533-7.
• Modulation of ovalbumin induced Th2 responses by second-generation immunomodulatory oligonucleotides in mice
  Fu-Gang Zhu, Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Dong Yu, Jimmy X. Tang, and Sudhir Agrawal. International Immunopharmacology (2004) 4(7):851-862.
• Induction of immune activation by a novel immunomodulatory oligonucleotide without thymocyte apoptosis
  Weiwen Jiang, Charles F. Reich III, Dong Yu, Ekambar Kandimalla, Sudhir Agrawal and David S. Pisetsky
  Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (2004) 318(1):60-66.
• Agonists of Toll-Like Receptor 9: Modulation of Host Immune Responses with Synthetic Oligodeoxynucleotides
  Ekambar Kandimalla, Sudhir Agrawal.
  Toll Receptors, Chapter 8. (2004) Edited by Tina Rich. © Eurekah.com and Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers.
• Immunopharmacological and antitumor effects of second-generation immunomodulatory oligonucleotides containing synthetic CpR motif
  Daqing Wang, Yukui Li, Dong Yu, Sam S. Song, Ekambar R. Kandimalla and Sudhir Agrawal.
  International Journal of Oncology (2004) 24(4):901-908.
• Novel Immunomodulatory Oligonucleotides (IMOs) prevent development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in Asthma
  Devendra Agrawal, Jehad Edwan, Ekambar Kandimalla, Dong Yu, and Sudhir Agrawal.
  International Immunopharmacology (2004) 4(1):127-138.
• Modulation of Toll-like Receptor 9 Responses through Synthetic Immunostimulatory Motifs of DNA
  Sudhir Agrawal and Ekambar R. Kandimalla.
  Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2003) 1002:30-42.
• A dinucleotide motif in oligonucleotides shows potent immunomodulatory activity and overrides species-specific recognition observed with CpG motif
  Ekambar Kandimalla, Lakshmi Bhagat, Fu-Gang Zhu, Dong Yu, Yan-Ping Cong, Daqing Wang, Jimmy Tang, Jin-Yan Tang, Cathrine Knetter, Egil Lien, Sudhir Agrawal.
  Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences (USA) (2003) 100(24):14303-14308.
• Self-stabilized CpG DNAs optimally activate human B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells
  Yan-Ping Cong, Sam Song, Lakshmi Bhagat, Rajendra Pandey, Dong Yu, Ekambar Kandimalla, Sudhir Agrawal.
  Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (2003) 310(4):1133-1139.
• Was Induction of HIV-1 Through TLR9?
  Sudhir Agrawal and R. Russell Martin.
  The Journal of Immunology (2003) 171(4):1621-1622.
  PMID: 12902456
• Secondary structures in CpG oligonucleotides affect immunostimulatory activity
  Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Lakshmi Bhagat, Yan-Ping Cong, Rajendra Pandey, Dong Yu, Qiuyan Zhao, and Sudhir Agrawal. (2003)
  Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 306, 948-953.
• Toll Toll-like receptor 9: modulation of recognition and cytokine induction by novel synthetic CpG DNAs
  Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Fu-Gang Zhu, Lakshmi Bhagat, Dong Yu, and Sudhir Agrawal. (2003)
  Biochemical Society Transactions, 31, 654-658.
• Divergent synthetic nucleotide motif recognition pattern: design and development of potent immunomodulatory oligodeoxyribonucleotide agents with distinct cytokine induction profiles
  Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Lakshmi Bhagat, Daqing Wang, Dong Yu, Fu-Gang Zhu, Jimmy Tang, Hui Wang, Ping Huang, Ruiwen Zhang, and Sudhir Agrawal. (2003)
  Nucleic Acids Research, 31 (9) 2393-2400.
• CpG penta- and hexadeoxynucleotides as potent immunomodulatory agents
  Lakshmi Bhagat, Fu-Gang Zhu, Dong Yu, Jimmy Tang, Hui Wang, Ekambar Kandimalla, Ruiwen Zhang, and Sudhir Agrawal (2003)
  Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 300 (2003) 853-861.
• Requirement of nucleobase proximal to CpG dinucleotide for immunostimulatory activity of synthetic CpG DNA
  Dong Yu, Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Qiuyan Zhao, Lakshmi Bhagat, Yanping Cong and Sudhir Agrawal (2003)
  Biorg & Med.Chem 11 (2003) 459-464.
• Potent CpG oligonucleotides containing phosphodiester linkages: in vitro and in vivo immunostimulatory properties
  Dong Yu, Fu-Gang Zhu, Lakshmi Bhagat, Hui Wang, Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Ruiwen Zhang, and Sudhir Agrawal (2002)
  Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 297 (2002) 83-90.
• 'Immunomers' – Novel 3'-3' –linked CpG oligonucleotides as potent immunomodulatory agents
  Dong Yu, Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Lakshmi Bhagat, Jin-Yan Tang, Yanping Cong, Jimmy Tang and Sudhir Agrawal (2002)
  Nucleic Acids Research, 30 (20) 4460-4469.
• Conjugation of ligands at the 5' –end of CpG DNA affects Immunostimulatory activity,
  Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Lakshmi Bhagat, Dong Yu, Yanping Cong, Jimmy Tang, and Sudhir Agrawal, (2002)
  BioConjugate Chemistry 13, 966-974
• Design, Synthesis, and Immunostimulatory Properties of CpG DNAs Containing Alkyl-Linker Substitutions: Role of Nucleosides in the Flanking Sequences
  Dong Yu, Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Yanping Cong, Jimmy Tang, Jin-Yan Tang, Qiuyan Zhao, and Sudhir Agrawal (2002)
  J.Med.Chem.45, 4540-4548.
• Towards optimal design of second-generation immunomodulatory oligonucleotides
  Kandimalla, E. R., Yu, D., Agrawal, S., (2002)
  Current Opinion in Molecular Therapeutics, 4(2):122-129.
• Medicinal chemistry and therapeutic potential of CpG DNA
  Agrawal S, Kandimalla ER
  Trends Mol Med 2002 Mar 1;8(3):114-21
• Immunostimulatory properties of phosphorothioate CpG DNA containing both 3'-5'- and 2'-5'-internucleotide linkages.
  Yu D, Kandimalla ER, Zhao Q, Cong Y, Agrawal S.
  Nucleic Acids Res 2002 Apr 1;30(7):1613-9
• Antisense and/or immunostimulatory oligonucleotide therapeutics
  Agrawal, S., Kandimalla, E.R.
  Current Cancer Drug Targets 2001; 1:197-209.
• Therapeutic potential of synthetic CpG DNA: Current status and future directions.
  Kandimalla, E.R., Agrawal, S.
  L. Drugs 2001; 4:963-966.
• Immunostimulatory activity of CpG oligonucleotides containing non-ionic methylphosphonate linkages.
  Yu, D., Kandimalla, E.R., Zhao, Q., Cong, Y., Agrawal, S.
  Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001; 9:2803-2808.
• Modulation of immunostimulatory activity of CpG oligonucleotides by site-Specific deletion of nucleobases.
  Yu, D., Kandimalla, E.R., Zhao, Q., Cong, Y., Agrawal, S.
  Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001; 11:2263-2267.
• Effect of chemical modifications of cytosine and guanine in a CpG-motif of oligonucleotides: structure-immunostimulatory activity relationships.
  Kandimalla, E.R., Yu, D., Zhao, Q., Agrawal, S.
  Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001; 9:807-813.
• Accessible 5'-end of CpG-containing phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides is essential for immunostimulatory activity.
  Yu, D., Zhao, Q., Kandimalla, E.R., Agrawal, S.
  Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000; 10:2585-2588.
• Immunostimulatory activity of CpG containing phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide is modulated by modification of a single deoxynucleoside.
  Zhao, Q., Yu, D., Agrawal, S.
  Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000; 10:1051-1054.
• Non-specific antiviral activity of antisense molecules targeted to the E1 region of human papillomavirus.
  Lewis EJ, Agrawal S, Bishop J, Chadwick J, Cristensen ND, Cuthill S, Dunford P, Field AK, Francis J, Gibson V, Greenham AK, Kelly F, Kilkushie R, Kreider JW, Mills JS, Mulqueen M, Roberts NA, Roberts P, Szymkowski DE.
  Antiviral Res. 2000, 48, 187-196.
  PMID: 11164505
• Importance of nucleotide sequence and chemical modifications of antisense oligonucleotides.
  Agrawal, S.
  Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1999; 1489:53-68.
• Site of chemical modifications in CpG containing phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide modulates its immunostimulatory activity.
  Zhao, Q., Yu, D. and Agrawal, S.
  Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1999; 9:3453-3458.
• Pattern and kinetics of cytokine production following administration of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides in mice.
  Zhao Q, Temsamani J, Zhou RZ, Agrawal S.
  Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1997, 7, 495-502.
  PMID: 9361908
• Effect of different chemically modified oligodeoxynucleotides on immune stimulation.
  Zhao Q, Temsamani J, Iadarola PL, Jiang Z, Agrawal S.
  Biochem Pharmacol. 1996, 51, 173-182.
  PMID: 8615886
• Modulation of Oligonucleotide-Induced Immune Stimulation by Cyclodextrin Analogs.
  Zhao, Q., Temsamani, J., Iadarola, P.L., and Agrawal, S.
  Biochemical Pharmacology. 1996. 52(10), 1537-1544.
  PMID: 8937468

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